只需添加

    # Vehicles must be empty upon arrival
    capacity_dimension = routing.GetDimensionOrDie("Capacity")
    for v in range(manager.GetNumberOfVehicles()):
        print(f"vehicle {v}")
        end = routing.End(v)
        #routing.solver().Add(capacity_dimension.CumulVar(end) == 0) # see comment below
        capacity_dimension.SetCumulVarSoftUpperBound(end, 0, 100_000)

可能的输出：

./2442_unload.py
...
I0417 23:53:02.181640 17437 search.cc:260] Solution #317 (372696, objective maximum = 4838552, time = 2969 ms, branches = 3223, failures = 940, depth = 33, MakeInactiveOperator, neighbors = 265820, filtered neighbors = 317, accepted neighbors = 317, memory used = 14.93 MB, limit = 99%)
I0417 23:53:20.290527 17437 search.cc:260] Solution #318 (469816, objective minimum = 372696, objective maximum = 4838552, time = 2987 ms, branches = 3239, failures = 945, depth = 33, MakeInactiveOperator, neighbors = 267395, filtered neighbors = 318, accepted neighbors = 318, memory used = 14.93 MB, limit = 99%)
I0417 23:53:21.045410 17437 search.cc:260] Solution #319 (469816, objective minimum = 372696, objective maximum = 4838552, time = 2988 ms, branches = 3247, failures = 947, depth = 33, MakeActiveOperator, neighbors = 267415, filtered neighbors = 319, accepted neighbors = 319, memory used = 14.93 MB, limit = 99%)
I0417 23:53:22.304931 17437 search.cc:260] Solution #320 (372696, objective maximum = 4838552, time = 2989 ms, branches = 3253, failures = 949, depth = 33, MakeActiveOperator, neighbors = 267464, filtered neighbors = 320, accepted neighbors = 320, memory used = 14.93 MB, limit = 99%)
I0417 23:53:30.987548 17437 search.cc:260] Finished search tree (time = 2998 ms, branches = 3259, failures = 982, neighbors = 268318, filtered neighbors = 320, accepted neigbors = 320, memory used = 14.93 MB)
I0417 23:53:31.046630 17437 search.cc:260] End search (time = 2998 ms, branches = 3259, failures = 982, memory used = 14.93 MB, speed = 1087 branches/s)
Objective: 372696
dropped orders: [25]
dropped reload stations: [3, 5]
Route for vehicle 0:
 0 Load(0) Time(0,0) -> 20 Load(0) Time(75,506) -> 12 Load(3) Time(94,525) -> 14 Load(6) Time(119,550) -> 13 Load(10) Time(140,700) -> 8 Load(13) Time(159,1000) -> 0 Load(0) Time(237,1500)
Distance of the route: 2624m
Load of the route: 0
Time of the route: 237min

Route for vehicle 1:
 1 Load(0) Time(0,0) -> 19 Load(0) Time(2,182) -> 24 Load(3) Time(20,200) -> 26 Load(7) Time(42,400) -> 4 Load(15) Time(89,770) -> 7 Load(15) Time(92,773) -> 11 Load(0) Time(169,850) -> 17 Load(3) Time(188,959) -> 10 Load(11) Time(229,1000) -> 1 Load(0) Time(307,1500)
Distance of the route: 2648m
Load of the route: 0
Time of the route: 307min

Route for vehicle 2:
 2 Load(0) Time(0,0) -> 23 Load(0) Time(15,63) -> 22 Load(4) Time(37,85) -> 21 Load(7) Time(85,101) -> 9 Load(10) Time(104,120) -> 18 Load(0) Time(184,200) -> 16 Load(8) Time(226,600) -> 15 Load(12) Time(248,800) -> 6 Load(15) Time(268,1000) -> 2 Load(0) Time(346,1500)
Distance of the route: 2624m
Load of the route: 0
Time of the route: 346min

Total Distance of all routes: 7896m
Total Load of all routes: 0
Total Time of all routes: 890min

注意：我使用软约束，否则求解器更喜欢删除所有节点，并且永远不会设法逃离此解决方案搜索空间点。