numpy - 计算python中的点的导数

我想计算点的导数，使用np.diff函数建议一些互联网帖子。但是，我尝试对手动计算的结果使用np.diff（选择一个随机多项式方程并对其进行微分），以查看是否得出相同的结果。我使用以下等式：Y =（X ^ 3）+（X ^ 2）+ 7，最终得到的结果是不同的。任何想法为什么？还有其他方法可以计算微分。

In the problem, I am trying to solve, I have recieved data points of fitted spline function ( not the original data that need to be fitted by spline but the points of the already fitted spline). The x-values are at equal intervals. I only have the points and no equation, what I require is to calculate, the first, second and third derivatives. i.e dy/dx, d2y/dx2, d3y/dx3. Any ideas on how to do this?. Thanks in advance.

xval = [1,2,3,4,5]
yval = []
yval_dashList = []

#selected a polynomial equation
def calc_Y(X):
      Y = (X**3) + (X**2) + 7
      return(Y)

#calculate y values using equatuion 
for i in xval:
    yval.append(calc_Y(i))

#output: yval = [9,19,43,87,157]

#manually differentiated the equation or use sympy library (sym.diff(x**3 + x**2 + 7))
def calc_diffY(X):
   yval_dash = 3*(X**2) + 2**X

#store differentiated y-values in a list
for i in xval:
    yval_dashList.append(yval_dash(i))

#output: yval_dashList = [5,16,35,64,107]

#use numpy diff method on the y values(yval)
numpyDiff = np.diff(yval)
#output: [10,24,44,60]

The values of numpy diff method [10,24,44,60] is different from yval_dashList = [5,16,35,64,107]

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