fish-shell - The user-friendly command line shell.

Created at: 2012-05-10 11:00:55
Language: C++
License: NOASSERTION

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fish <https://fishshell.com/>__ - the friendly interactive shell |Build Status| |Cirrus CI|

fish is a smart and user-friendly command line shell for macOS, Linux, and the rest of the family. fish includes features like syntax highlighting, autosuggest-as-you-type, and fancy tab completions that just work, with no configuration required.

For downloads, screenshots and more, go to https://fishshell.com/.

Quick Start

fish generally works like other shells, like bash or zsh. A few important differences can be found at https://fishshell.com/docs/current/tutorial.html by searching for the magic phrase “unlike other shells”.

Detailed user documentation is available by running help within fish, and also at https://fishshell.com/docs/current/index.html

Getting fish

macOS


fish can be installed:

-  using `Homebrew <http://brew.sh/>`__: ``brew install fish``
-  using `MacPorts <https://www.macports.org/>`__:
   ``sudo port install fish``
-  using the `installer from fishshell.com <https://fishshell.com/>`__
-  as a `standalone app from fishshell.com <https://fishshell.com/>`__

Note: The minimum supported macOS version is 10.10 "Yosemite".

Packages for Linux

Packages for Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS are available from the openSUSE Build Service <https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=shells%3Afish&package=fish>__.

Packages for Ubuntu are available from the fish PPA <https://launchpad.net/~fish-shell/+archive/ubuntu/release-3>__, and can be installed using the following commands:

::

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:fish-shell/release-3 sudo apt update sudo apt install fish

Instructions for other distributions may be found at fishshell.com <https://fishshell.com>__.

Windows


-  On Windows 10, fish can be installed under the WSL Windows Subsystem
   for Linux with the instructions for the appropriate distribution
   listed above under “Packages for Linux”, or from source with the
   instructions below.
-  Fish can also be installed on all versions of Windows using
   `Cygwin <https://cygwin.com/>`__ (from the **Shells** category).

Building from source

If packages are not available for your platform, GPG-signed tarballs are available from fishshell.com <https://fishshell.com/>__ and fish-shell on GitHub <https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/releases>. See the Building <#building> section for instructions.

Running fish

Once installed, run fish from your current shell to try fish out!

Dependencies


Running fish requires:

-  curses or ncurses (preinstalled on most \*nix systems)
-  some common \*nix system utilities (currently ``mktemp``), in
   addition to the basic POSIX utilities (``cat``, ``cut``, ``dirname``,
   ``ls``, ``mkdir``, ``mkfifo``, ``rm``, ``sort``, ``tee``, ``tr``,
   ``uname`` and ``sed`` at least, but the full coreutils plus ``find`` and
   ``awk`` is preferred)
-  The gettext library, if compiled with
   translation support

The following optional features also have specific requirements:

-  builtin commands that have the ``--help`` option or print usage
   messages require ``nroff`` or ``mandoc`` for
   display
-  automated completion generation from manual pages requires Python 3.5+
-  the ``fish_config`` web configuration tool requires Python 3.5+ and a web browser
-  system clipboard integration (with the default Ctrl-V and Ctrl-X
   bindings) require either the ``xsel``, ``xclip``,
   ``wl-copy``/``wl-paste`` or ``pbcopy``/``pbpaste`` utilities
-  full completions for ``yarn`` and ``npm`` require the
   ``all-the-package-names`` NPM module
-  ``colorls`` is used, if installed, to add color when running ``ls`` on platforms
   that do not have color support (such as OpenBSD)

Switching to fish

If you wish to use fish as your default shell, use the following command:

::

chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish

chsh will prompt you for your password and change your default shell. (Substitute /usr/local/bin/fish with whatever path fish was installed to, if it differs.) Log out, then log in again for the changes to take effect.

Use the following command if fish isn’t already added to /etc/shells to permit fish to be your login shell:

::

echo /usr/local/bin/fish | sudo tee -a /etc/shells

To switch your default shell back, you can run chsh -s /bin/bash (substituting /bin/bash with /bin/tcsh or /bin/zsh as appropriate).

Building

.. _dependencies-1:

Dependencies


Compiling fish requires:

-  a C++11 compiler (g++ 4.8 or later, or clang 3.3 or later)
-  CMake (version 3.5 or later)
-  a curses implementation such as ncurses (headers and libraries)
-  PCRE2 (headers and libraries) - optional, this will be downloaded if missing
-  gettext (headers and libraries) - optional, for translation support

Sphinx is also optionally required to build the documentation from a
cloned git repository.

Additionally, running the test suite requires Python 3.5+ and the pexpect package.

Building from source (all platforms) - Makefile generator

To install into /usr/local, run:

.. code:: bash

mkdir build; cd build cmake .. make sudo make install

The install directory can be changed using the -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX parameter for cmake.

Building from source (macOS) - Xcode


Note: The minimum supported macOS version is 10.10 "Yosemite".

.. code:: bash

   mkdir build; cd build
   cmake .. -G Xcode

An Xcode project will now be available in the ``build`` subdirectory.
You can open it with Xcode, or run the following to build and install in
``/usr/local``:

.. code:: bash

   xcodebuild
   xcodebuild -scheme install

The install directory can be changed using the
``-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`` parameter for ``cmake``.

Build options
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In addition to the normal cmake build options (like ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX``), fish has some other options available to customize it.

- BUILD_DOCS=ON|OFF - whether to build the documentation. This is automatically set to OFF when sphinx isn't installed.
- INSTALL_DOCS=ON|OFF - whether to install the docs. This is automatically set to on when BUILD_DOCS is or prebuilt documentation is available (like when building in-tree from a tarball).
- FISH_USE_SYSTEM_PCRE2=ON|OFF - whether to use an installed pcre2. This is normally autodetected.
- MAC_CODESIGN_ID=String|OFF - the codesign ID to use on Mac, or "OFF" to disable codesigning.
- WITH_GETTEXT=ON|OFF - whether to build with gettext support for translations.

Note that fish does *not* support static linking and will attempt to error out if it detects it.

Help, it didn’t build!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

If fish reports that it could not find curses, try installing a curses
development package and build again.

On Debian or Ubuntu you want:

::

   sudo apt install build-essential cmake ncurses-dev libncurses5-dev libpcre2-dev gettext

On RedHat, CentOS, or Amazon EC2:

::

   sudo yum install ncurses-devel

Contributing Changes to the Code
--------------------------------

See the `Guide for Developers <CONTRIBUTING.rst>`__.

Contact Us
----------

Questions, comments, rants and raves can be posted to the official fish
mailing list at https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/fish-users
or join us on our `gitter.im
channel <https://gitter.im/fish-shell/fish-shell>`__. Or use the `fish tag
on Unix & Linux Stackexchange <https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/fish>`__.
There is also a fish tag on Stackoverflow, but it is typically a poor fit.

Found a bug? Have an awesome idea? Please `open an
issue <https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/issues/new>`__.

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